The European Court of Justice upholds a €4.1B fine against Google, dismissing the company’s appeal and confirming the General Court’s reduction from an initial €4.3B.The European Commission said Google required manufacturers to pre-install Google Search and Chrome to license the Play Store, made exclusivity payments and threatened to withhold app licences to block alternative Android versions.The ruling follows earlier EU sanctions, including a €2.4B shopping fine and a €2.95B advertising penalty last year, and
Sundar Pichai said the decision undermines the
Android business model he defends.