China's Ministry of Commerce places 20 Japanese entities on a control list that bars Chinese dual‑use exports and adds 20 more to a watch list requiring special licences, risk assessments and guarantees.The ministry names defence research institutes and private firms, including Mitsui E&S, Terra Drone Corporation, OKI Electric Industry divisions and Mitsubishi Shipbuilding, and says exports tied to military users or uses will be rejected following policy shifts under Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi.The measures follow earlier curbs on rare earths, risk disrupting supply chains for Japanese manufacturers and prompting calls from the United Kingdom, Germany and France for restraint while Beijing says the steps are lawful and reversible with cooperation.